Urology Hospital
Suite 5, 1162 Cnr Grosvenor St &, Pretorius St, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028.
info@africaurology.com
Urology Hospital: 012 423 4204
Cure Day Hospital: 010 500 3339
Jacaranda Hospital: 012 421 6808
Suite 5, 1162 Cnr Grosvenor St &, Pretorius St, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028.
Urology Hospital: 012 423 4204
Cure Day Hospital: 010 500 3339
Jacaranda Hospital: 012 421 6808
UTIs are very common in women at some stage of life. When they occur they can cause discomfort and disrupt daily life, thus understanding what causes them, how they’re diagnosed, and how they can be prevented matters. This guide gives clear, practical information so you — or someone you care about — can act quickly and confidently.
A urinary tract infection happens when microorganisms (e.g. bacteria) enter and multiply in the urinary tract. In women this most commonly affects the lower urinary tract (the bladder and urethra), but it can sometimes spread to the kidneys (pyelonephritis) where it becomes more serious.
Anatomy is the main reason: the female urethra is shorter and closer to the anus, making bacterial entry easier. Risk increases with:
Sexual activity
Personal hygiene practices (avoid rubbing or harsh wipes)
Use of certain contraceptives (eg. diaphragms) — speak to your clinician about alternatives
Pregnancy (hormonal and anatomical changes)
Menopause (vaginal and urinary tract changes)
Urinary catheters or instrumentation (hospital-associated UTIs)
Diabetes and some chronic conditions
Painful, burning sensation when passing urine (dysuria)
Frequent need to pass urine, often producing only small volumes
Urgency (sudden, strong need to pass urine)
Cloudy or strong-smelling urine
Blood in the urine (haematuria) — report immediately
Lower abdominal or pelvic discomfort
Fever or chills may indicate a kidney infection (seek urgent care)
Important: Some older women may have atypical symptoms (confusion, falls, or non-specific weakness). Don’t ignore unusual changes — get assessed.
Clinical review: Your clinician will ask about symptoms and risk factors.
Urine dipstick: Quick test in clinic that detects blood, nitrites or white blood cells — useful screening.
Urine culture: The gold standard to diagnose infections, especially when recurrent, severe, or not responding to initial treatment. It identifies the microorganism and the relevant treatment they are sensitive to.
Additional tests: If infections recur or are complicated, your urologist may request imaging (ultrasound) or refer for further tests.
Simple, uncomplicated UTIs are commonly treated with a short course of appropriate antibiotics determined by local guidelines.
Symptom care: Drink adequate fluids, use pain relief as advised by your clinician, and rest.
Recurrent or complicated UTIs: Require targeted investigation (urine culture, check for underlying causes), longer or tailored treatment courses, and urology referral to rule out structural issues or other contributors.
We avoid listing specific treatment online because treatment choices depend on local resistance patterns and patient history. Your healthcare provider will choose the right option for you.
Stay hydrated — regular fluid intake helps flush microorganisms.
Urinate after sexual intercourse.
Practice gentle perineal hygiene (front to back).
Avoid unnecessary vaginal douches and harsh soaps.
If you’re prone to recurrent UTIs, ask your clinician about tailored prevention strategies (behavioural measures, topical oestrogen after menopause, or prophylactic options where appropriate and available vaccine).
Manage chronic health conditions (eg. diabetes) well — control helps reduce infection risk.
A urine culture is important for recurrent or complicated cases to guide treatment. Follow-up might include imaging or cystoscopy in selected patients.
Antibiotic resistance is a global concern. Taking antibiotics correctly, using cultures when needed, and avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use are essential. Always follow your clinician’s guidance.
If you or someone you care for is experiencing symptoms or recurrent UTIs, book an assessment with Africa Urology. Our team provides discreet, evidence-based care.
Mild symptoms may transiently improve, but untreated UTIs can progress. Seek a clinical review — especially in pregnancy or if you have fever.
Most UTIs are not classic STIs, but sexual activity can increase risk of bacterial entry. Discuss sexual health with your clinician.
Many people feel symptom relief within 24–48 hours; if not improving, return for review.
Africa Urology is a specialist practice founded by Dr. Viola Morolo, the first Black female urologist to graduate from the University of Pretoria.
Stay informed on common urological conditions and symptoms
